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下面的示例中，通过一个程序，演示使用DataRowState、AcceptChanges、RejectChanges，实现DataGridView数据的增、删、改。
一、界面设计
二、代码实现
1 using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.ComponentModel; 4 using System.Data; 5 using System.Drawing; 6 using System.Linq; 7 using System.Text; 8 using System.Threading.Tasks; 9 using System.Windows.Forms; 10 using System.Data; 11 using System.Data.SqlClient; 12 using System.Configuration; 13 14 namespace DataRowStateDemo 15 { 16 public partial class FrmMain : Form 17 { 18 public FrmMain() 19 { 20 InitializeComponent(); 21 } 22 23 //连接字符串 24 string strConn = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["DbConn"].ConnectionString; 25 26 ///27 /// 加载 28 /// 29 /// 30 /// 31 private void btn_LoadData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 32 { 33 Initdgv(); 34 this.btn_Add.Visible = false; 35 } 36 37 /// 38 /// 初始化DataGridView 39 /// 40 private void Initdgv() 41 { 42 SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn); 43 string strSQL = "select * from Users"; 44 SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strSQL, conn); 45 SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd); 46 DataSet dsDgv = new System.Data.DataSet(); 47 try 48 { 49 conn.Open(); 50 //填充数据 51 adapter.Fill(dsDgv); 52 53 this.dgv_Demo.DataSource = dsDgv.Tables[0]; 54 //不显示最后的空行 55 this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = false; 56 // 设置第一列只读 57 this.dgv_Demo.Columns[0].ReadOnly = true; 58 } 59 catch (Exception ex) 60 { } 61 finally 62 { 63 conn.Close(); 64 } 65 } 66 67 /// 68 /// 编辑 69 /// 70 /// 71 /// 72 private void btn_Edit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 73 { 74 this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = true; 75 } 76 77 /// 78 /// 保存 79 /// 80 /// 81 /// 82 private void btn_Save_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 83 { 84 DataTable dtCopy = this.dgv_Demo.DataSource as DataTable; 85 DataSet dsUsers = new DataSet(); 86 87 //产生与表Users结构相同的空表 88 DataTable dtAdd = GetEmptyTable(); 89 DataTable dtEdit = GetEmptyTable(); 90 DataTable dtDel = GetEmptyTable(); 91 92 //根据DataRowState的状态获取新增、修改、删除的表数据 93 dtAdd = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Added); 94 dtEdit = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Modified); 95 dtDel = dtCopy.GetChanges(DataRowState.Deleted); 96 97 //新增 98 if (dtAdd != null) 99 {100 dtAdd.TableName = "Added";101 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtAdd);102 }103 //修改104 if (dtEdit != null)105 {106 dtEdit.TableName = "Edit";107 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtEdit);108 }109 //删除110 if (dtDel != null)111 {112 dtDel.TableName = "Del";113 dtDel.RejectChanges();114 dsUsers.Tables.Add(dtDel);115 }116 //保存数据117 if (SaveUser(dsUsers))118 {119 MessageBox.Show("保存成功!");120 //重新加载数据121 Initdgv();122 }123 else124 {125 MessageBox.Show("保存失败!");126 }127 }128 129 /// 130 /// 根据表结构产生空表131 /// 132 /// 133 private DataTable GetEmptyTable()134 {135 DataTable dtTable = new DataTable("Users");136 //使用集合初始化器添加列137 dtTable.Columns.AddRange(new DataColumn[]{138 new DataColumn("UserID",typeof(Int32)),139 new DataColumn("UserName",typeof(string)),140 new DataColumn("Password",typeof(string)),141 new DataColumn("Sex",typeof(Char)),142 new DataColumn("Birthday",typeof(DateTime))143 });144 return dtTable;145 }146 147 /// 148 /// 保存数据149 /// 150 /// 151 /// 152 private bool SaveUser(DataSet ds)153 {154 bool tf = false;155 //新增156 if (ds.Tables["Added"] != null)157 {158 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Added"].Rows)159 {160 tf= InsertUser(dr);161 }162 }163 //修改164 if (ds.Tables["Edit"] != null)165 {166 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Edit"].Rows)167 {168 tf = UpdateUser(dr);169 }170 }171 //删除172 if (ds.Tables["Del"] != null)173 {174 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables["Del"].Rows)175 {176 tf = DeleteUser(dr);177 }178 }179 return tf;180 }181 182 /// 183 /// 数据库增加184 /// 185 /// 186 /// 187 private bool InsertUser(DataRow drDataRow)188 {189 string strSQL = string.Format(@"insert into users values("{0}","{1}","{2}","{3}")", drDataRow["UserName"].ToString(), drDataRow["Password"].ToString(),
drDataRow["Sex"].ToString(), drDataRow["Birthday"].ToString());190 return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);191 }192 193 ///194 /// 数据库删除195 /// 196 /// 197 /// 198 private bool DeleteUser(DataRow drDataRow)199 {200 string strSQL = string.Format("delete from users where UserID="{0}"", Convert.ToInt32(drDataRow["UserID"].ToString()));201 return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);202 }203 204 /// 205 /// 数据库修改206 /// 207 /// 208 /// 209 private bool UpdateUser(DataRow drDataRow)210 {211 string strSQL = string.Format("update users set UserName="{0}",Password="{1}",Sex="{2}",Birthday="{3}" where UserID="{4}"",212 drDataRow["UserName"].ToString(), drDataRow["Password"].ToString(), drDataRow["Sex"].ToString(),213 drDataRow["Birthday"].ToString(), Convert.ToInt32(drDataRow["UserID"].ToString()));214 return ExecuteSQL(strSQL);215 }216 217 /// 218 /// 数据库执行SQL语句219 /// 220 /// 221 /// 222 private bool ExecuteSQL(string strSQL)223 {224 bool tfResult = false;225 SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(strConn);226 SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(strSQL, conn);227 try228 {229 conn.Open();230 tfResult= cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().Equals(1);231 }232 catch (Exception ex)233 { }234 finally235 {236 conn.Close();237 }238 239 return tfResult;240 }241 242 /// 243 /// 删除244 /// 245 /// 246 /// 247 private void btn_Del_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)248 {249 if (this.dgv_Demo.SelectedRows.Count <= 0)250 {251 MessageBox.Show("请先选择要删除的行");252 }253 else254 {255 foreach(DataGridViewRow dr in this.dgv_Demo.SelectedRows)256 {257 //只是删除DataGridView中显示的数据，并没有删除数据库中的数据258 this.dgv_Demo.Rows.Remove(dr);259 }260 261 }262 }263 264 /// 265 /// 增加空行266 /// 267 /// 268 /// 269 private void btn_Add_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)270 {271 //DataGridView没有绑定数据时才可以使用Add()方法增加空行272 this.dgv_Demo.Rows.Add();273 }274 275 private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)276 {277 this.dgv_Demo.AllowUserToAddRows = false;278 }279 }280 }
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